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locate
Section: User Commands (1)Updated: Sep 2012
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
locate - find files by nameSYNOPSIS
locate [OPTION]... PATTERN...
DESCRIPTION
locate reads one or more databases prepared by updatedb(8) and writes file names matching at least one of the PATTERNs to standard output, one per line.If --regex is not specified, PATTERNs can contain globbing characters. If any PATTERN contains no globbing characters, locate behaves as if the pattern were *PATTERN*.
By default, locate does not check whether files found in database still exist (but it does require all parent directories to exist if the database was built with --require-visibility no). locate can never report files created after the most recent update of the relevant database.
EXIT STATUS
locate exits with status 0 if any match was found or if locate was invoked with one of the --limit 0, --help, --statistics or --version options. If no match was found or a fatal error was encountered, locate exits with status 1.Errors encountered while reading a database are not fatal, search continues in other specified databases, if any.
OPTIONS
- -A, --all
-
Print only entries that match all PATTERNs
instead of requiring only one of them to match.
- -b, --basename
-
Match only the base name against the specified patterns.
This is the opposite of --wholename.
- -c, --count
-
Instead of writing file names on standard output,
write the number of matching entries only.
- -d, --database DBPATH
-
Replace the default database with DBPATH.
DBPATH
is a :-separated list of database file names.
If more than one
--database
option is specified,
the resulting path is a concatenation of the separate paths.
An empty database file name is replaced by the default database. A database file name - refers to the standard input. Note that a database can be read from the standard input only once.
- -e, --existing
-
Print only entries that refer to files existing at the time
locate
is run.
- -L, --follow
-
When checking whether files exist (if the
--existing
option is specified),
follow trailing symbolic links.
This causes broken symbolic links to be omitted from the output.
This is the default behavior. The opposite can be specified using --nofollow.
- -h, --help
-
Write a summary of the available options to standard output
and exit successfully.
- -i, --ignore-case
-
Ignore case distinctions when matching patterns.
- -p, --ignore-spaces
-
Ignore punctuation and spaces when matching patterns.
- -t, --transliterate
-
Ignore accents using iconv transliteration when matching patterns.
- -l, --limit, -n LIMIT
-
Exit successfully after finding
LIMIT
entries.
If the
--count
option is specified,
the resulting count is also limited to LIMIT.
- -m, --mmap
-
Ignored, for compatibility with
BSD
and
GNU
locate.
- -P, --nofollow, -H
-
When checking whether files exist (if the
--existing
option is specified),
do not follow trailing symbolic links.
This causes broken symbolic links to be reported like other files.
This is the opposite of --follow.
- -0, --null
-
Separate the entries on output using the
ASCII NUL
character instead of
writing each entry on a separate line.
This option is designed for interoperability with the
--null
option of
GNU
xargs(1).
- -S, --statistics
-
Write statistics about each read database to standard output instead of
searching for files
and exit successfully.
- -q, --quiet
-
Write no messages about errors encountered while reading and processing
databases.
- -r, --regexp REGEXP
-
Search for a basic regexp REGEXP.
No PATTERNs are allowed if this option is used,
but this option can be specified multiple times.
- --regex
-
Interpret all PATTERNs as extended regexps.
- -s, --stdio
-
Ignored, for compatibility with
BSD
and
GNU
locate.
- -V, --version
-
Write information about the version and license of
locate
on standard output and exit successfully.
- -w, --wholename
-
Match only the whole path name against the specified patterns.
This is the default behavior. The opposite can be specified using --basename.
EXAMPLES
To search for a file named exactly NAME (not *NAME*), use- locate -b '\NAME'
FILES
- /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
-
The database searched by default.
ENVIRONMENT
- LOCATE_PATH
-
Path to additional databases,
added after the default database or the databases specified using the
--database
option.
NOTES
The order in which the requested databases are processed is unspecified, which allows locate to reorder the database path for security reasons.locate attempts to be compatible to slocate (without the options used for creating databases) and GNU locate, in that order. This is the reason for the impractical default --follow option and for the confusing set of --regex and --regexp options.
The short spelling of the -r option is incompatible to GNU locate, where it corresponds to the --regex option. Use the long option names to avoid confusion.
The LOCATE_PATH environment variable replaces the default database in BSD and GNU locate, but it is added to other databases in this implementation and slocate.
AUTHOR
Miloslav Trmac <mitr@redhat.com>SEE ALSO
updatedb(8), iconv(1),
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mlocate.db
Section: File Formats (5)Updated: Jan 2007
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
mlocate.db - a mlocate databaseDESCRIPTION
A mlocate database starts with a file header: 8 bytes for a magic number ("\0mlocate" like a C literal), 4 bytes for the configuration block size in big endian, 1 byte for file format version (0), 1 byte for the ``require visibility'' flag (0 or 1), 2 bytes padding, and a NUL-terminated path name of the root of the database.The header is followed by a configuration block, included to ensure databases are not reused if some configuration changes could affect their contents. The size of the configuration block in bytes is stored in the file header. The configuration block is a sequence of variable assignments, ordered by variable name. Each variable assignment consists of a NUL-terminated variable name and an ordered list of NUL-terminated values. The value list is terminated by one more NUL character. The ordering used is defined by the strcmp () function.
Currently defined variables are:
- prune_bind_mounts
-
A single entry, the value of PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS; one of the strings
0
or 1.
- prunefs
-
The value of PRUNEFS, each entry is converted to uppercase.
- prunepaths
-
The value of PRUNEPATHS.
The rest of the file until EOF describes directories and their contents. Each directory starts with a header: 8 bytes for directory time (seconds) in big endian, 4 bytes for directory time (nanoseconds) in big endian (0 if unknown, less than 1,000,000,000), 4 bytes padding, and a NUL-terminated path name of the the directory. Directory contents, a sequence of file entries sorted by name, follow.
Directory time is the maximum of st_ctime and st_mtime of the directory. updatedb(8) uses the original data if the directory time in the database and in the file system match exactly. Directory time equal to 0 always causes rescanning of the directory: this is necessary to handle directories which were being updated while building the database.
Each file entry starts with a single byte, marking its type:
- 0
-
A non-directory file.
Followed by a NUL-terminated file (not path) name.
- 1
-
A subdirectory.
Followed by a NUL-terminated file (not path) name.
- 2
-
Marks the end of the current directory.
locate(1) only reports file entries, directory names are not reported because they are reported as an entry in their parent directory. The only exception is the root directory of the database, which is stored in the file header.
AUTHOR
Miloslav Trmac <mitr@redhat.com>SEE ALSO
locate(1), updatedb.conf(5), updatedb(8)
Index
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